How are Hinduism and Sikhism related, considering they both originated in Punjab, India?

Ramananda accepted disciples without discriminating against anyone by gender, class or caste and they included even people from humble origins like

ਏਕੋ ਸੇਵੀ ਅਵਰੁ ਨ ਦੂਜਾ ॥੨॥

ਹਜ ਕਾਬੈ ਜਾਉ ਨ ਤੀਰਥ ਪੂਜਾ ॥

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Look within your heart, for there you will find both Karim and Ram;

At the time of my death, I moved to Magahar. ||2||

I left Benares - I had little common sense. ||1|| Pause ||

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ਗੁਰ ਕਾ ਸਬਦੁ ਕਾਟੈ ਕੋਟਿ ਕਰਮ ॥੩॥੧॥

— Kabir, II.57, Translated by Rabindranath Tagore

ਕਹੁ ਕਬੀਰ ਇਹੁ ਕੀਆ ਵਖਾਨਾ ॥

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Here ਨਿਰਗੁਣ is Nirgun and not just lord. This is just another example to show that Kabir himself continued in the NIRGUN BHAKTI path.

For many years, I practiced penance and intense meditation at Kaashi;

Hari is in the East, Allah is in the West.

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ਸਗਲ ਜਨਮੁ ਸਿਵ ਪੁਰੀ ਗਵਾਇਆ ॥

यस्य देवे परा भक्तिः यथा देवे तथा गुरौ । तस्यैते कथिता ह्यर्थाः प्रकाशन्ते महात्मनः प्रकाशन्ते महात्मन इति ।

Sadhna (a Muslim butcher) and

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then who is there to know what happens without?

As mentioned above Guru Arjan Dev was talking from the perspective Sant Kabir whose views we have discussed much earlier here. We know that Sant Kabir continuing in the Ramanandi Sampradaya went further away from the mainstream ritualistic Hinduism and was journeying more towards a SEAMLESS Dharma.

ਰਾਮਾਨੰਦ ਸੁਆਮੀ ਰਮਤ ਬ੍ਰਹਮ ॥

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ਬਹੁਤੁ ਬਰਸ ਤਪੁ ਕੀਆ ਕਾਸੀ ॥

I do not perform Hindu worship services, nor do I offer the Muslim prayers.

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Bhakti movement began in South (Tamil Nadu to be precise) and slowly spread to Northern parts of India. This movement was extremely popular because of its simple fundamentals which could be understood by even commonfolk. Vaishnavism, Shaivism etc… were already connecting with commonfolk from a long time and this Bhakti movement reinforced it by making the devotee feel a personal connection with the deity.

I have searched through all the Vedas and the Puraanas.

He who has highest Bhakti of Deva (God), just like his Deva, so for his Guru (teacher),

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ਕਾਸੀ ਮਗਹਰ ਸਮ ਬੀਚਾਰੀ ॥

How can they kill the mother, whose milk they drink like that of a wet nurse?

My consciousness does not go out wandering. My mind has become crippled. ||1|| Pause ||

Why are Americans obese? Is it the food or is it the psychology?

Kabir is the child of Allah and of Ram: He is my Guru, He is my Pir.

He accepted even women (Sursuri and Padywati) as disciples. Bhagat Pipa and Dhanna were Rajput and Jat who were also his disciples.

If God be within the mosque, then to whom does this world belong?

Who are your 5 top Hollywood Silver Screen legends?

Bhagat Kabir ji / Raag Sriraag / / Guru Granth Sahib ji - Ang 92

Where the demi-gods and the munis are unnumbered, where millions of Saraswatis, goddess of music play the vina,

There is a reason why I mention ROOTED and thus NOT implying that it belongs to one of the numerous sects in Sanatana Dharma like Shaivism, Vaishnavism, Shaktism, Smartism etc…

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Ramanandacharya was a 14th-century Hindu Vaishnava devotional poet saint who amalgamated Advaita with Vaishnava Bhakti. He was the pioneer in validating NIRGUN and SAGUN Bhakti as parallel paths.

The influence of Kabir is significant on Sikhism. The following Bani from Ang 1136 is attributed to GURU ARJAN DEV but if you observe at the end you can see that he was talking in the spirit of Sant Kabir.

Let’s look at the most used verse by McSikhs to show that Sikhs are neither Hindus nor Muslims.

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There, where millions of Krishnas stand with hands folded,

The views of Kabir are very much in parallel to the Advaita philosophy and it is obvious that as the disciple of Ramanandacharya he will carry forward with his chosen NIRGUN BHAKTI.

ਏਕ ਦਿਵਸ ਮਨ ਭਈ ਉਮੰਗ ॥

The young and the old drink milk pudding, but these fools eat the cow's body.

As long as the mind is filled with the desire for heaven,

Bhagat Kabir ji / Raag Gauri / / Guru Granth Sahib ji - Ang 326

Guru Nanak (right) and Bhai Mardana (foreground) with Bhagat Kabir (left). This painting is found in the B-40 Janamsakhi, written and painted in 1733. The painting was made by Alam Chand Raj

ਘਸਿ ਚੰਦਨ ਚੋਆ ਬਹੁ ਸੁਗੰਧ ॥

ਪੂਰਬ ਜਨਮ ਹਉ ਤਪ ਕਾ ਹੀਨਾ ॥੧॥

We have searched the turaki Dharam (Turk's religion, Islam), these teachers throw many thunderbolts,

— Kabir, Ramaini 1, Translated by David Lorenzen

Where spring, the lord of seasons reigneth, there the unstruck music sounds of itself,

Raamaanand's Lord and Master is the All-pervading Lord God.

ਨਾ ਹਮ ਹਿੰਦੂ ਨ ਮੁਸਲਮਾਨ ॥

For a superficial McSikh who is interested only in separation and not enlightenment the views of Kabir can be easily shown as a denouncement of Hindu practices.

I would go there, only if the Lord were not here. ||2||

ਏਕ ਨਿਰੰਕਾਰ ਲੇ ਰਿਦੈ ਨਮਸਕਾਰਉ ॥੩॥

He does not dwell at the Lord's Feet. ||3||

ਪੂਜਨ ਚਾਲੀ ਬ੍ਰਹਮ ਠਾਇ ॥

Again we see that the originator of this Sant Sampraday himself talks about Brahman even in Gurbani.

ਮੇਰਾ ਚਿਤੁ ਨ ਚਲੈ ਮਨੁ ਭਇਓ ਪੰਗੁ ॥੧॥ ਰਹਾਉ ॥

Ramarchan Paddati gives more info about his teachings.

ਮਰਤੀ ਬਾਰ ਮਗਹਰਿ ਉਠਿ ਆਇਆ ॥੨॥

Wherever I go, I find water and stones.

Gauree, Kabeer Jee, Panch-Padas:

Let’s see what Gurbani has about Ramanandacharya’s views.

I went to God's place, and worshipped Him there.

ਤੂ ਪੂਰਿ ਰਹਿਓ ਹੈ ਸਭ ਸਮਾਨ ॥

If Ram be within the image which you find upon your pilgrimage,

We can see that great saints like Kabir and Ravidas etc… descended from the Ramananda sampradaya which is still the largest ascetic order in India.

Now tell me, Lord, what will my condition be?

ਮੁਆ ਕਬੀਰੁ ਰਮਤ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਰਾਮੈ ॥੫॥੧੫॥

So in the same spirit Kabir finds pilgrimages to holy cities futile as his mind is fixated on Rama!

Raamaanand Jee, First House:

ਜਹਾ ਜਾਈਐ ਤਹ ਜਲ ਪਖਾਨ ॥

The divergence of Kabir’s views from Vedanta is seen in the fact that he fully opposed religious symbolism of ALL KINDS and not just IDOLS.

Here ਰਾਮੈ is Rama and not just lord. Kabir died chanting the name of Rama DESPITE him not finding any result of penances done in holy cities in his previous birth. Another example to show how much Kabir valued personal devotion to Rama in his own NIRGUN style.

CONCLUSION:

From Guru Granth Sahib ji - Ang 1195

ਅਬ ਕਹੁ ਰਾਮ ਕਵਨ ਗਤਿ ਮੋਰੀ ॥

That God showed me the Guru, within my own mind. ||1||

My body and breath of life belong to Allah - to Raam - the God of both. ||4||

I am not a Hindu, nor am I a Muslim.

Meeting with the Guru, my Spiritual Teacher, I realize God, my Lord and Master. ||5||3||

From where did the word Maya come? Isn’t it a typical Vedantic concept discussed profoundly in Advaita? It definitely isn’t a concept pioneered by Kabir or even his teacher Ramanandacharya! It is ultimately from Sanatana Dharma!

Shvetashvatara Upanishad (6.23)

ਰਾਮਾਨੰਦ ਜੀ ਘਰੁ ੧

Says Kabeer, the Guru and Ganaysha and Shiva all know

ਕਬੀਰ ਨਿਰਗੁਣ ਨਾਮ ਨ ਰੋਸੁ ॥

All the men and women of the world are His living forms.

Now here in this verse

Where millions of Vishnus bow their heads, where millions of Brahmas are reading the Vedas,

Because in my previous life, I did not practice penance and intense meditation. ||1||

Ramanandacharya’s teachings were centered on pure and personal connection with the God Rama and didn’t believe in any kind of formal ritualism. He used the common vernacular language instead of Sanskrit so that everyone could understand.

Bhagat Kabir ji / Raag Gauri / / Guru Granth Sahib ji - Ang 325

NOW…

I do not make pilgrimages to Mecca, nor do I worship at Hindu sacred shrines.

To him who is high-minded, these teachings will be illuminating.

ਕੈਸੇ ਬੂਝੈ ਜਬ ਮੋਹਿਆ ਹੈ ਮਾਇਆ ॥੧॥ ਰਹਾਉ ॥

ਅਲਹ ਰਾਮ ਕੇ ਪਿੰਡੁ ਪਰਾਨ ॥੪॥

ਜਿਨਿ ਸਕਲ ਬਿਕਲ ਭ੍ਰਮ ਕਾਟੇ ਮੋਰ ॥

ਮਰਨੁ ਭਇਆ ਮਗਹਰ ਕੀ ਬਾਸੀ ॥੩॥

Kabir, Ravidas and ultimately the NINE SIKH GURUS are a product of this very Sant Sampraday founded by Ramanandacharya!

That Kabeer died chanting the Lord's Name. ||5||15||

ੴ ਸਤਿਗੁਰ ਪ੍ਰਸਾਦਿ ॥

Raamaanand's Lord and Master is the All-pervading Lord God.

One day, a desire welled up in my mind.

We can understand that Kabir despite being in favor of formless worship was very much embedded in the Dharmik fold but always preached in the spirit of the transcendental nature of Brahman to the point that HE LOST THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN HINDU AND MUSLIM.

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ਕਤ ਜਾਈਐ ਰੇ ਘਰ ਲਾਗੋ ਰੰਗੁ ॥

ਗਉੜੀ ਕਬੀਰ ਜੀ ਪੰਚਪਦੇ ॥

ਕਹੁ ਗੁਰ ਗਜ ਸਿਵ ਸਭੁ ਕੋ ਜਾਨੈ ॥

ਸੋ ਬ੍ਰਹਮੁ ਬਤਾਇਓ ਗੁਰ ਮਨ ਹੀ ਮਾਹਿ ॥੧॥

Sikhism is a NIRGUN path descending from the Sant Sampraday of Ramanandacharya and traces its ideas to VEDANTA!

Sain (a barber)

ਜਬ ਲਗੁ ਮਨਿ ਬੈਕੁੰਠ ਕੀ ਆਸ ॥

But we have actually seen how much Kabir is also rooted in the Vedantic concept of “supreme realization” but in a non-mainstream path.

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One Universal Creator God. By The Grace Of The True Guru:

Bhagat Kabir ji / Raag Gauri / / Guru Granth Sahib ji - Ang 325

Says Kabeer, this is what I say:

The Sant Sampraday of Sikh panth integrates the warrior spirit of the Nihangs and Khalsa, the service of Seva panth and the renunciation of Udasi/Nirmala saints.

The Word of the Guru's Shabad eradicates the karma of millions of past actions. ||3||1||

Where should I go? My home is filled with bliss.

ਬੇਦ ਪੁਰਾਨ ਸਭ ਦੇਖੇ ਜੋਇ ॥

ਪੂਜਾ ਕਰਉ ਨ ਨਿਵਾਜ ਗੁਜਾਰਉ ॥

ਤਜੀ ਲੇ ਬਨਾਰਸ ਮਤਿ ਭਈ ਥੋਰੀ ॥੧॥ ਰਹਾਉ ॥

Sikhism is fundamentally rooted in BHAKTI tradition and thus ultimately in Sanatana Dharma. There is no doubt about it despite what modern McSikh acrobatics try to claim otherwise

I wasted my whole life in the city of Shiva;

ਸਾਧਸੰਗਤਿ ਬੈਕੁੰਠੈ ਆਹਿ ॥੪॥੧੦॥

ਊਹਾਂ ਤਉ ਜਾਈਐ ਜਉ ਈਹਾਂ ਨ ਹੋਇ ॥੨॥

ਨਾ ਹਮ ਹਿੰਦੂ ਨ ਮੁਸਲਮਾਨ ॥

Kabir (a weaver)

I am not a Hindu, nor am I a Muslim.

Kaashi and Magahar - I consider them the same.

Without looking into one's heart, how can one reach paradise?

ਬ੍ਰਹਮ is Brahm i.e the Brahman of vedanta but it gets interpreted as an all-pervading lord god.

I serve the One Lord, and not any other. ||2||

Recklessly they display boundless pride while explaining their own aims, they kill cows.

The Saadh Sangat, the Company of the Holy, is heaven. ||4||10||

Let's look at the views of Sant Kabir

ਕਹੁ ਕਬੀਰ ਇਹ ਕਹੀਐ ਕਾਹਿ ॥

Where millions of Shivas are lost in contemplation, where millions of Indras dwell in the sky,

You are totally pervading and permeating in all.

Kabeer: O worthless mortal, do not lose the Naam, the Name of the Lord.

Actually, this part of the Ang 326 is widely used by McSikhs to show that Sikhism considers Hindu pilgrimages as useless and thus drives home the point again that the “religion” has got NOTHING to do with Hinduism.

— Kabir, III.2, Translated by Rabindranath Tagore

ਰਾਮਾਨੰਦ ਸੁਆਮੀ ਰਮਤ ਬ੍ਰਹਮ ॥

With inadequate devotion, how can anyone swim across? ||4||

ਜਿਉ ਜਲ ਛੋਡਿ ਬਾਹਰਿ ਭਇਓ ਮੀਨਾ ॥

Says Kabeer, unto whom should I tell this?

I am a sacrifice to You, O my True Guru.

I am like a fish out of water,

These morons know nothing, they wander about in ignorance,

Now that my time to die has come, I have come to dwell at Magahar! ||3||

I ground up sandalwood, along with several fragrant oils.

ਓਛੀ ਭਗਤਿ ਕੈਸੇ ਉਤਰਸਿ ਪਾਰੀ ॥੪॥

There is my Lord self-revealed, and the scent of sandal and flowers dwells in those deeps.

ਮੁਆ ਕਬੀਰੁ ਰਮਤ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਰਾਮੈ

Sant Kabir was staunchly against cow slaughter.

You have cut through all my confusion and doubt.

I have taken the One Formless Lord into my heart; I humbly worship Him there. ||3||

ਗੁਰ ਪੀਰ ਮਿਲਿ ਖੁਦਿ ਖਸਮੁ ਪਛਾਨਾ ॥੫॥੩॥

ਸਤਿਗੁਰ ਮੈ ਬਲਿਹਾਰੀ ਤੋਰ ॥

How can people understand You, when they are entranced by Maya? ||1|| Pause ||

For him Dharma was beyond everything physical including the desire for heaven because was fully into the NIRGUN . The last verse shows that according to him the company of the enlightened Sadhus is heaven which is again a typical teaching of Sanatana Dharma.

=======================================================

ਤਬ ਲਗੁ ਹੋਇ ਨਹੀ ਚਰਨ ਨਿਵਾਸੁ ॥੩॥

Ravidas (a chamar shoemaker)

There the streams of light flow in all directions, few are the men who can cross to that shore!